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From 1988-2003 he was a Senior Research Scientist for USRA at the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, specializing in the physics of low-mass X-ray binaries, the best, brightest and most variable X-ray sources in our Galaxy. During this time he also established and led the Guest Observer Facility for the RXTE X-ray astronomy satellite (launched in 1995) and the Science Support Center for the Swift gamma-ray burst chasing satellite (launched 2004).

Publications in refereed journals (Astrophysical Journal, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Nature, and so on) are listed below, most recent first, with the lead-authored publications emphasized. Invited reviews published in book form are also included. Papers in non-refereed journals (conference proceedings, etc) are not listed here.

The bulk of the papers listed describe research at X-ray and optical energies, of low mass X-ray binaries. However, the listing also includes papers on high mass binaries, cataclysmic variables, flare stars, and AGN. Wavebands from X-ray through UV, optical, IR, and radio are represented.

Publications in Refereed Journals

[99.] "A short gamma-ray burst apparently associated with an elliptical galaxy at redshift z=0.225," Gehrels, N. et al (including Smale, A.P.), 2005, Nature, 437, 851.

[98.] "Discovery of absorption features and systematic acceleration of the X-ray burst rate in XB1323-610," Church, M.J., Reed, D., Dotani, T., Balucinska-Church, M., & Smale, A.P., 2005, MNRAS, 359, 1336.

[97.] "Chandra HRC localization of the low mass X-ray binaries X1624-490 and X1702-429: the infrared counterparts," Wachter, S., Wellhouse, J.W., Patel, S.K., Smale, A.P., Alves, J.F., & Bouchet, P., 2005, ApJ, 621, 393.

[96.] "The long term light curves of X-ray binaries contain simultaneous periodic and random components," Boyd, P.T., & Smale, A.P., 2004, ApJ, 612, 1006.

[95.] "The Swift Gamma Ray Burst Mission," Gehrels, N., et al (including Smale, A.P.), 2004, ApJ, 611, 1005.

[94.] "The orbital period of the dipping, bursting globular cluster X-ray source XB1746-371 from Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations," Balucinska-Church, M., Church, M.J., & Smale, A.P., 2004, MNRAS, 347, 334.

[93.] "Correlated variability in LMC X-2," McGowan, K.E., Charles, P.A., O'Donoghue, D., & Smale, A.P., 2003, MNRAS, 345, 1039.

[92.] "Simultaneous ASCA and HST/GHRS Observations of Cygnus X-2/V1341 Cygni," Vrtilek, S.D., Raymond, J.C., Boroson, B., McCray, R., Smale, A., Kallman, T., & Nagase, F., 2003, PASP, 115, 1124.

[91.] "The complete Z-diagram of LMC X-2," Smale, A.P., Homan, J., & Kuulkers, E., 2003, ApJ, 590, 1035.

[90.] "Dip spectroscopy of the low mass X-ray binary XB1254-690," Smale, A.P., Church, M.J., & Balucinska-Church, M., 2002, ApJ, 581, 1286.

[89.] "Understanding the LMXB X2127+119 in M15 I. X-ray eclipses and dips," Ioannou, Z., Naylor, T., Smale, A.P., Charles, P.A., & Mukai, K., 2002, A&A, 382, 130.

[88.] "A second intense burst with photospheric radius expansion from X2127+119 in M15," Smale, A.P., 2001, ApJ, 562, 957.

[87.] "A study of the spectral evolution during dipping in XB1323-619 with Rossi-XTE and BeppoSAX," Barnard, R., Balucinska-Church, M., Smale, A.P., & Church, M.J., 2001, A&A, 380, 494.

[86.] "ASCA observation of MS1603.6+2600 (=UW Coronae Borealis): a dipping low-mass X-ray binary in the outer halo?" Mukai, K., Smale, A.P., Stahle, C.K., Schlegel, E.M., & Wijnands, R., 2001, ApJ, 561, 938.

[85.] "Neutron star blackbody contraction during flaring in X1624-490," Balucinska-Church, M., Barnard, R., Church, M.J., & Smale, A.P., 2001, A&A, 378, 847.

[84.] "RDay-scale variability of 3C279 and possible correlations in gamma-ray, X-ray, and optical bands," Hartman, R.C., et al. (including Smale, A.), 2001, ApJ, 558, 583.

[83.] "X-ray and UV Orbital Phase Dependence in LMC X-3," Boyd, P.T., Smale, A.P., & Dolan, J.F., 2001, ApJ, 555, 822.

[82.] "Multi-Epoch Multiwavelength Spectra and Models for Blazar 3C 279," Hartman, R.C., et al. (including Smale, A.P.), 2001, ApJ, 553, 683.

[81.] "The ephemeris and dipping spectral behavior of X1624-490," Smale, A.P., Church, M.J., & Balucinska-Church, M., 2001, ApJ, 550, 962.

[80.] "On the multi-periodicities in the X-ray dipper XB1916-053," Homer, L., Charles, P.A., Hakala, P., Muhli, P., Shih, I.-C., Smale, A.P., \& Ramsay, G., 2001, MNRAS, 322, 827.

[79.] "RXTE studies of long-term X-ray spectral variations in 4U1820-30," Bloser, P.F., Grindlay, J.E., Kaaret, P., Zhang, W., & Smale, A.P., 2000, ApJ, 542, 1000.

[78.] "Canonical timing and spectral behavior of LMC X-3 in the low/hard state," Boyd, P.T., Smale, A.P., Homan, J., Jonker, P.G., van der Klis, M., & Kuulkers, E., 2000, ApJL, 542, L127.

[77.] "The Reappearance of the Transient Low Mass X-ray Binary X1658-298," Wachter, S., Smale, A.P., & Bailyn, C., 2000, ApJ, 534, 367.

[76.] "The low-mass X-ray binary X1832-330 in the globular cluster NGC 6652: a serendipitous ASCA observation," Mukai, K., & Smale, A.P., 2000, ApJ, 533, 352.

[75.] "X-ray/Optical Bursts from GS1826-24," Kong, A.K.H., Homer, L., Kuulkers, E., Charles, P.A., & Smale, A.P., 2000, MNRAS, 311, 405.

[74.] "LMC X-2: the first extragalactic Z-source?", Smale, A.P., & Kuulkers, E., 2000, ApJ, 528, 702.

[73.] "A cessation of X-ray dipping activity in X1254-690," Smale, A.P., & Wachter, S. 1999, ApJ, 527, 341.

[72.] "Strong field gravity and X-ray observations of 4U1820-30," Kaaret, P., Piraino, S., Bloser, P., Ford, E.C., Grindlay, J.E., Santelangelo, A., Smale, A.P., & Zhang, W., 1999, ApJ, 520, L37.

[71.] "ASCA observation of the X-ray dipping source X1916-053," Ko, Y.-K., Mukai, K., Smale, A.P., & White, N.E. 1999, ApJ, 520, 292.

[70.] "Progressive covering of the accretion disk corona during dipping in the LMXB XB1916-053," Morley, R., Church, M.J., Smale, A.P., & Balucinska-Church, M., 1999, MNRAS, 302, 593.

[69.] "ASCA observation of the supersoft X-ray source CAL 87," Asai, K., Dotani, T., Nagase, F., Ebisawa, K., Mukai, K., Smale, A.P., & Kotani, T. 1998, ApJL, 503, L143.

[68.] "X-ray and radio observations of the Cygnus OB2 Association," Waldron, W.L., Corcoran, M.F., Drake, S., & Smale, A.P., 1998, ApJS, 118, 217.

[67.] "Correlation between energy spectral states and fast time variability in 4U 1820-30," Zhang, W., Smale, A.P., Strohmayer, T.E., & Swank, J.H. 1998, ApJL, 500, L171.

[66.] "A Type I burst with radius expansion observed from Cygnus X-2 with RXTE," Smale, A.P., 1998, ApJL, 498, L141.

[65.] "Optical studies of the transient dipping X-ray sources X1755-338 and X1658-398 in quiescence," Wachter, S., & Smale, A.P., 1998, ApJL, 496, L21.

[64.] "RXTE Observation of the X-ray Burster 1E1724-3045 I: Timing study of the persistent X-ray emission with the PCA," Olive, J.F., Barret, D., Boirin, L., Grindlay, J.E., Swank, J.H., & Smale, A.P. 1998, A&A, 333, 942.

[63.] "The Discovery of Kilohertz Quasi-Periodic Oscillations from 4U 1820-303 with RXTE," Smale, A.P., Zhang, W., & White, N.E., 1997, ApJL, 483, L119.

[62.] "Discovery of a new soft X-ray excess in the spectrum of EXO0748-676," Thomas, B., Corbet, R., Smale, A.P., Asai, K., & Dotani, T., 1997, ApJL, 480, L21.

[61.] "X-ray observations of X2127+119/AC211 in the metal-poor globular cluster M15: an X-ray measure of metallicity," Christian, D.J., Smale, A.P., Swank, J.H., & Serlemitsos, P.J., 1997, ApJ, 477, 424.

[60.] "A low amplitude X-ray and optical outburst from the periodic transient A0538-66; accretion onto a magnetosphere?" Corbet, R.H.D., Charles, P.A., Southwell, K.A., & Smale, A.P., 1997, ApJ, 476, 833.

[59.] "Detection of a ~78 day period in the RXTE, Vela 5B and Ariel V All Sky Monitor data of Cygnus X-2," Wijnands, R.A.D., Kuulkers, E., & Smale, A.P., 1996, ApJL, 473, L45.

[58.] "Observations of low mass X-ray binaries," Smale, A.P., 1996, invited review in "Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects," 1996, Astrophysics and Space Science Library, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, eds. Evans, A. & Wood, J.H., 349.

[57.] "An atlas of optical continuum and line emission from low mass X-ray binaries," Shahbaz, T., Smale, A.P., Naylor, T., Charles, P.A., Mason, K.O., & van Paradijs, J., 1996, MNRAS, 282, 1437.

[56.] "Kilohertz X-ray variability from an accreting neutron star system," Strohmayer, T.E., Zhang, W., Swank, J.H., Smale, A.P., Titarchuk, L., Day, C., & Lee, U., 1996, ApJL, 469, L9.

[55.] "A high-resolution X-ray spectrum of Centaurus X-3," Audley, M.D., Kelley, R.L., Boldt, E.A., Jahoda, K.M., Marshall, F.E., Petre, R., Serlemitsos, P.J., Smale, A.P., Swank, J.H., & Weaver, K.A., 1996, ApJ, 457, 397.

[54.] "The infrared counterpart of X1323-619," Smale, A.P., 1995, AJ, 110, 1292.

[53.] "Orbital period changes of Cyg X-3," Kitamoto, S., Hirano, A., Kawashima, K., Miyamoto, S., Nagase, F., White, N.E., Smale, A.P., Soong, Y., Matsuoka, M., Kawai, N., & Yoshida, A., 1995, PASJ, 47, 233.

[52.] "The spectrum and pulses of 1E 2259+586 from ASCA and BBXRT observations," Corbet, R.H.D., Smale, A.P., Ozaki, M., Koyama, K., & Iwasawa, K., 1995, ApJ, 443, 786.

[51.] "Precession and Long-Term Cyclic Behavior," Smale, A.P., 1994, invited review, in "The Evolution of X-ray Binaries," American Institute of Physics Press, New York, eds. Holt, S. & Day, C.S., 525.

[50.] "Calibrating BBXRT," Weaver, K.A., Arnaud, K.A., Boldt, E.A., Christian, D., Corcoran, M., Holt, S.S., Jahoda, K., Kelley, R., Marshall, F.E., Mushotzky, R.F., Petre, R., Rawley, G., Serlemitsos, P.J., Schlegel, E.M., Smale, A.P., Swank, J.H., Szymkowiak, A.E., & Yamauchi, S., 1994, ApJS, 96, 303.

[49.] "The complex soft X-ray excess in NGC 4151," Weaver, K.A., Mushotzky, R.F., Arnaud, K.A., Serlemitsos, P.J., Marshall, F.E., Petre, R., Jahoda, K.M., Smale, A.P., & Netzer, H., 1994, ApJ, 423, 621.

[48.] "A Broad Band X-ray Telescope observation of the black hole candidate LMC X-1," Schlegel, E.M., Marshall, F.E., Mushotzky, R.F., Smale, A.P., Weaver, K.A., Serlemitsos, P.J., Petre, R., & Jahoda, K.M., 1994, ApJ, 422, 243.

[47.] "Preliminary results from the Diffuse X-ray Spectrometer," Sanders, W.T., Edgar, Richard J., Juda, M., Kraushaar, W.L., McCammon, D., Snowden, S.L., Juda, J.Z., Skinner, M.A., Jahoda, K., Kelley, R.L., Smale, A., Stahle, C.K., 7& Szymkowiak, A.E., 1993, Proc. International Society for Optical Engineering, 2006, 221.

[46.] "Cygnus X-3 in an "ultrahigh" X-ray state with no detected Kalpha emission," Smale, A.P., Mushotzky, R.F., Schlegel, E.M., Weaver, K.A., Serlemitsos, P.J., Marshall, F.E., Petre, R. & Jahoda, K. 1993, ApJ, 418, 894.

[45.] "Broad-band X-ray Telescope spectroscopy of zeta Puppis," Corcoran, M.F., Swank, J.H., Serlemitsos, P.J., Boldt, E., Petre, R., Marshall, F.E., Jahoda, K., Mushotzky, R., Szymkowiak, A., Arnaud, K., Smale, A.P., Weaver, K. & Holt, S.S., 1993, ApJ, 412, 792.

[44.] "BBXRT observations of the magnetic cataclysmic variable H0538+608 = BY Cam ," Kallman, T.R., Schlegel, E.M., Serlemitsos, P.J., Petre, R., Marshall, F., Jahoda, K., Boldt, E.A., Holt, S.S., Mushotzky, R.F., Swank, J., Szymkowiak, A.E., Kelley, R.E., Smale, A.P., Arnaud, K. & Weaver, K., 1993, ApJ, 411, 869.

[43.] "Resolving the iron K line in Cygnus X-2; an observation with BBXRT," Smale, A.P., Done, C., Mushotzky, R.F., Weaver, K.A., Serlemitsos, P.J., Marshall, F.E., Petre, R., Jahoda, K.M., Boldt, E.A., Swank J.H., Szymkowiak, A.E., Kelley, R.L. & Arnaud, K.A., 1993, ApJ, 410, 796.

[42.] "Optical and X-ray observations of the low-mass X-ray binary EXO0748-676," Thomas, B., Corbet, R., Augusteijn, T., Callanan, P. & Smale, A.P., 1993, ApJ, 408, 651.

[41.] "A BBXRT spectrum of the massive X-ray binary X Per," Schlegel, E.M., Serlemitsos, P.J., Jahoda, K., Marshall, F., Petre, R., Boldt, E.A., Mushotzky, R., Swank, J., Szymkowiak, A., Smale, A.P. & Weaver, K., 1993, ApJ, 407, 744.

[40.] "BBXRT and Ginga observations of the Seyfert I galaxy Mrk 335," Turner, T.J., Nandra, K., Madejski, G.M., Marshall, F., Mushotzky, R.F., Petre, R., Pounds, K.A., Smale, A.P., Serlemitsos, P., Weaver, K., & Zdziarski, A.A., 1993, ApJ, 407, 556.

[39.] "A new X-ray spectral observation of NGC1068," Marshall, F.E., Netzer, H., Arnaud, K., Boldt, E.A., Holt, S.S., Jahoda, K.M., Kelley, R., Mushotzky, R.F., Petre, R., Serlemitsos, P.J., Smale, A.P., Swank, J,H., Szymkowiak, A.E., & Weaver, K.A., 1993, ApJ, 405, 168.

[38.] "BBXRT observations of NGC4151: Iron line diagnostics," Weaver, K.A., Mushotzky, R.F., Arnaud, K.A., Serlemitsos, P.J., Marshall, F.E., Petre, R., Jahoda, K.M., Boldt, E.A., Holt, S.S., Swank, J., Szymkowiak, A.E., Kelley, R., Smale, A.P. & Done, C., 1992, ApJL, 401, L11.

[37.] "Ginga observations of the dipping low mass X-ray binaries XB1916-053 and EXO0748-676," Smale, A.P., Mukai, K., Williams, O.R., Jones, M.H. & Corbet, R.H.D., 1992, ApJ, 400, 330.

[36.] "Long-term variability in LMXBs; a study using data from Vela 5B," Smale, A.P., & Lochner, J.C., 1992, ApJ, 395, 582.

[35.] "A study of the H Alpha line in X1735-444," Smale, A.P. & Corbet, R.H.D., 1991, ApJ, 383, 853.

[34.] "A 9.1-hr candidate orbital period in X1556-605," Smale, A.P., 1991, PASP, 103, 636.

[33.] "WHT observations of cataclysmic variables in globular clusters III. V4 in M30 during quiescence," Machin, G., Allington-Smith, J., Callanan, P.J., Charles, P.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Mason, K.O., Mukai, K., Naylor, T., Smale, A.P. & van Paradijs, J., 1991, MNRAS, 250, 602.

[32.] "The eclipse transitions and orbital ephemeris of the LMXRB EXO0748-676," Parmar, A.N., Smale, A.P., Verbunt, F., & Corbet, R.H.D., 1991 ApJ, 366, 253.

[31.] "Optical spectroscopy of V1341 Cyg, the optical counterpart of Cygnus X-2," van Paradijs, J., Allington-Smith, J., Callanan, P., Charles, P.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Machin, G., Mason, K.O., Naylor, T. & Smale, A.P., 1990, AAP, 235, 156.

[30.] "The orbital period of 4U/MXB1636-53 (V801 Arae)," van Paradijs, J., van der Klis, M., van Amerongen, S., Pedersen, H., Smale, A.P., Mukai, K., Schoembs, R., Haefner, R., Pfeiffer, M. & Lewin, W.H.G., 1990, AAP, 234, 181.

[29.] "Cyclotron humps in AM Her systems: Variations around the orbit in DP Leo," Cropper, M., Mukai, K., Mason, K.O., Smale, A.P., Charles, P.A., Mittaz, J.P.D., Machin, G., Hassall, B.J.M., Callanan, P.J., Naylor, T. & van Paradijs, J., 1990, MNRAS, 245, 760.

[28.] "Spectroscopy of faint cataclysmic variable candidates," Mukai, K., Mason, K.O., Howell, S.B., Allington-Smith, J., Callanan, P.J., Charles, P.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Machin, G., Naylor, T., Smale, A.P. & van Paradijs, J., 1990, MNRAS, 245, 385.

[27.] "The ephemeris of X1822-371," Hellier, C., Mason, K.O., Smale, A.P. & Kilkenny, D., 1990, MNRAS, 244, 39P.

[26.] "WHT observations of cataclysmic variables in globular clusters II. The CV candidates in M71," Machin, G., Allington-Smith, J., Callanan, P.J., Charles, P.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Mason, K.O., Mukai, K., Naylor, T., Smale, A.P. & van Paradijs, J., 1990, MNRAS, 242, 9P.

[25.] "WHT observations of cataclysmic variables in globular clusters I. V101 in M5 during quiescence and outburst," Naylor, T., Allington-Smith, J., Callanan, P.J., Charles, P.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Machin, G., Mason, K.O., Smale, A.P. & van Paradijs, J., 1989, MNRAS, 241, 25P.

[24.] "Ginga observations of the dipping X-ray binary XB1916-053," Smale, A.P., Mason, K.O., Williams, O.R. & Watson, M.G., 1989, PASJ, 41, 607.

[23.] "Connections between X-ray and optical variability in the low mass X-ray binary 1735-444," Corbet, R.H.D., Smale, A.P., Charles, P.A., Lewin, W.H.G., Menzies, J.W., Naylor, T., Penninx, W., Sztajno, M., Thorstensen, J.R., Tr"umper, J. & van Paradijs, J., 1989, MNRAS, 239, 533.

[22.] "EX Hydrae in outburst," Hellier, C., Mason, K.O., Smale, A.P., Corbet, R.H.D., O'Donaghue, D., Barrett, P.E. & Warner, B., 1989, MNRAS, 238, 1107.

[21.] " `Off'-state variability in A0538-66, and the validity of orbital solutions," Smale, A.P. & Charles, P.A., 1989, MNRAS, 238, 595.

[20.] "The optical counterpart of the binary millisecond pulsar PSR 1855+09," Callanan, P.J., Charles, P.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Machin, G., Mason, K.O., Naylor, T., Smale, A.P. & van Paradijs, J., 1989, MNRAS, 238, 25P.

[19.] "The magnetic field on four AM Her systems: measurements from cyclotron humps," Cropper, M.S., Mason, K.O., Allington-Smith, J.R., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Charles, P.A., Mittaz, J.P.D., Mukai, K., Murdin, P.G. & Smale, A.P., 1989, MNRAS, 236, 29P.

[18.] "Spectroscopy of the eclipsing cataclysmic variable NSV 12615," Mukai, K., Corbet, R.H.D. & Smale, A.P., 1988, MNRAS, 234, 291.

[17.] "Optical observations of the eclipsing binary radio pulsar PSR1957+20," van Paradijs, J., Allington-Smith, J., Callanan, P., Charles, P.A., Hassall, B.J.M., Machin, G., Mason, K.O., Naylor, T. & Smale, A.P., 1988, Nature, 334, 684.

[16.] "CAL 83: a 1-day period low mass X-ray binary in the LMC," Smale, A.P., Corbet, R.H.D., Charles, P.A., Ilovaisky, S.A., Mason, K.O., Motch, C., Mukai, K., Naylor, T., Parmar, A.N., van der Klis, M. & van Paradijs, J., 1988, MNRAS, 233, 51.

[15.] "X-ray observations of the 50-minute dipping source XB1916-053," Smale, A.P., Mason, K.O., White, N.E. & Gottwald, M., 1988, MNRAS, 232, 647.

[14.] "An apparent visual companion of QQ Vul (E2003+225)," Mukai, K., Charles, P.A. & Smale, A.P., 1988, AAP, 194, 153.

[13.] "The orbital variability of XB1636-536," Smale, A.P. & Mukai, K., 1988, MNRAS, 231, 663.

[12.] "Z Cha in superoutburst; periodic variation in the systemic velocity," Honey, W.B., Charles, P.A., Whitehurst, R., Barrett, P.E. & Smale, A.P., 1988, MNRAS, 231, 1.

[11.] "The relation between optical and X-ray flux variations of the black-hole candidate LMC X-3," van Paradijs, J., van der Klis, M., Augusteijn, T., Charles, P.A., Corbet, R.H.D., Ilovaisky, S., Maraschi, L., Motch, C., Pakull, M., Smale, A.P., Treves, A. & van Amerongen, S., 1987, AAP, 184, 201.

[10.] "Optical variability of the black hole candidate GX339-4; limits on periodic modulation," Corbet, R.H.D., Thorstensen, J.R., Charles, P.A., Honey, W.B., Smale, A.P. & Menzies, J.W., 1987, MNRAS, 227, 1055.

[9.] "The period of the globular cluster X-ray source X1820-303; confirmation from Ariel V data," Smale, A.P., Mason, K.O. & Mukai, K., 1987, MNRAS, 225, 7P.

[8.] "X-ray and optical variability in the low-mass burst source X1735-444," Smale, A.P., Corbet, R.H.D., Charles, P.A., Menzies, J.W. & Mack, P., 1986, MNRAS, 223, 207.

[7.] "The orbital period of the optical/X-ray burster X1735-444 (V926Sco)," Corbet, R.H.D., Thorstensen, J.R., Charles, P.A., Menzies, J.W., Naylor, T. & Smale, A.P., 1986, MNRAS, 222, 15P.

[6.] "Long-term and periodic variability of 4U1258-61 (GX304-1)," Corbet, R.H.D., Smale, A.P., Menzies, J., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Charles, P.A., Mason, K.O. & Booth, L., 1986, MNRAS, 221, 961.

[5.] "A multi-wavelength study of the long-period AM Her system E2003+225 - II. Changes in the accretion geometry," Mukai, K., Bonnet-Bidaud, J.-M., Charles, P.A., Corbet, R.H.D., Maraschi, L., Osborne, J.P., Smale, A.P., Treves, A., van der Klis, M., van Paradijs, J., 1986, MNRAS, 221, 839.

[4.] "X-ray and optical observations of a dMe flare star in the T Tauri field," Smale, A.P., Charles, P.A., Corbet, R.H.D., Jordan, C., Brown, A. & Walter, F., 1986, MNRAS, 221, 77.

[3.] "A six-second periodic X-ray source in Carina," Seward, F., Charles, P.A. & Smale, A.P., 1986, ApJ, 305, 814.

[2.] "A0538-66 during the extended `off' state; evidence for continuing mass motions," Smale, A.P., Charles, P.A., Densham, R.H., Bath, G.T., van Paradijs, J., Menzies, J.W. & Skinner, G.K., 1984, MNRAS, 210, 855.

[1.] "Spectroscopic studies of 4U1735-44; evidence for binary motion,S Smale, A.P., Charles, P.A., Tuohy, I.R. & Thorstensen, J.R., 1984, MNRAS, 207, 29P.